INTERIOR DESIGN
.jpg)
Elsie De Wolfe has been
credited with the creation of the interior decorating profession. Having
successfully re-designed her own home, De Wolfe began offering her services to
other people within her social circle. As people began offering interior
decoration as a service the professionalization of this service gained
momentum.
The Art Deco began in
Europe in the early year of 20th but was not so popular until World WarⅠ. The team "Art
Deco" was taken from the Exposition Internationale des Arts Decoratifs et
Industriels Modernes, which was a world’s fair held in Paris in 1925.Art Deco
rejected many traditional classical influences in favour of more streamlined,
geometric forms and metallic color. The Art Deco style influenced all areas of
design, especially for interior design, because it was the first truly modern
style of interior decoration in its use of new technologies and materials. This
article will analysis the main features of Art Deco style in interior design by
focus on the structure, material and color, and also will mentions the Art Deco
style in furniture and lighting design which are the two indispensable parts of
interior design.Art Deco style is mainly structured on mathematical geometric
shapes, the most common being triangles, rectangles, circles and squares. The
elegant and strong geometric forms consist of well-defined lines that provide
clean shapes. The streamlined or curvilinear geometric shapes including stepped
shapes, sweeping curves and rounded corner emphasize the streamlining style.
DESIGN
It is the basis of interior
decoration. It is the arrangement of line, direction, form, shape, colour, and
texture and arranging them aesthetically and tastefully. It is of two types:-
(i)
Structural
design
(ii)
Decorative
design
Structural
design is suitable to the purpose for which the objects are made. All objects
have structural design. It must fulfil the following requirements:
a)
Design must be suited to its
purpose
b)
It must have correct
proportions
c)
It must be simple
d) The
material used must be suitable to its purpose.
Decorative design makes the
structural design more beautiful .A design added to increase the beauty of an
article is called decorative design. It requires:
a) Decoration
must be used in moderation
b) It
should be placed at structural points to strengthen the shape of the object
c)
It should enrich and not
interfere with the structural design.
A design
should not only be beautiful but also have individuality, character, style and
utility e.g.-chair.
DECOR
It is
the end result of the finished scheme of decoration.
The
creation of any décor is guided by certain principles and implemented using
elements of design.
Elements of Art
Design elements are the basic units of a visual image. These
elements include:
The 3 F's
Form follows function is known as the 3 f's of Design.
Form refers to what something looks like, and function refers to how it works.
Space
Space is the area provided for a particular purpose. It
may have two dimensions (length and width), such as a floor, or it may have
three dimensions (length, width, and height). Space includes the background,
foreground and middle ground. Space refers to the distances or areas around,
between or within components of a piece. There are two types of space: positive
and negative space. Positive space refers to the space of a shape representing
the subject matter. Negative space refers to the space around and between the
subject matter.
Line
Line is the basic element that refers to the continuous
movement of a point along a surface, such as by a pencil or brush. The edges of
shapes and forms also create lines. It is the basic component of a shape drawn
on paper. Lines and curves are the basic building blocks of two dimensional
shapes like a house's plan. Every line has length, thickness, and direction.
There are curved, horizontal, vertical, diagonal, zigzag, wavy, parallel, dash,
and dotted lines.
Color
Color is seen either by the way light reflects off a
surface, or in colored light sources. Color and particularly contrasting color
is also used to draw the attention to a particular part of the image. There are
primary colors, secondary colors, and tertiary colors. Complementary colors are colors that are opposite to
each other on the color wheel. Complementary colors are used to create contrast. Analogous colors are colors that
are found side by side on the color wheel. These can be used to create color
harmony. Monochromatic colors are tints and shades of one color. Warm colors are a group of colors that
consist of reds, yellows, and oranges. Cool colors are group of colors that
consist of purples, greens, and blues.
Shape
A shape is defined as an area that stands out from the
space next to or around it due to a defined or implied boundary, or because of
differences of value, color, or texture.Shapes can also show perspective by
overlapping. They can be geometric or organic. Shapes in house decor and
interior design can be used to add interest, style, theme to a design like a
door. Shape in interior design depends on the function of the object like a
kitchen cabinet door. Natural shapes forming patterns on wood or stone may help
increase visual appeal in interior design. In a landscape, natural shapes, such
as trees contrast with geometric such as houses.
Texture
Texture is perceived surface quality. In art, there are
two types of texture: tactile and implied. Tactile texture (real texture) is
the way the surface of an object actually feels. Examples of this include
sandpaper, cotton balls, tree bark, puppy fur, etc. Implied texture is the way
the surface of an object looks like it feels. The texture may look rough,
fizzy, gritty, but cannot actually be felt. This type of texture is used by
artists when drawing or painting.
Form
Form is any three dimensional object. Form can be measured, from top to bottom
(height), side to side (width), and from back to front (depth). Form is also
defined by light and dark. There are two types of form, geometric (man-made)
and natural (organic form). Form may be created by the combining of two or more
shapes. It may be enhanced by tone, texture and color. It can be illustrated or
constructed.
Value
Value is an element of art that refers to the
relationship between light and dark on a surface or object and also helps with
Form. It gives objects depth and perception. Value is also referred to as tone.
Principles of
Design
·
Unity
- Repetition
- Continuation
- Closure
·
Emphasis /Focal Point
- Contrast
- Isolation
- Placement
- Absence of focal point
·
Balance
Symmetrical
Asymmetrical
Radial
All over pattern
·
Proportion /Scale
·
Variety
Contrast
- Movement
Your eye is moved again and again throughout the artwork.
- Rhythm/Pattern
And the polar opposite principles:
- Harmony
